What is the penalty for Team B in the situation where a common foul is committed by A-3?

In the situation described, when player A-3 commits a common foul, Team B is awarded free throws as a penalty. This occurs because common fouls that happen during the act of shooting or when the team committing the foul is over the limit in fouls result in the opposing team being granted free throws.

The awarding of free throws serves as a penalty to the team that committed the foul while also providing an opportunity for the opposing team to score points without running the risk of any defensive interference. In this case, Team B benefits directly from Team A’s foul, making option three the clear and correct choice.

Other options would not apply appropriately to this scenario; for instance, losing possession typically pertains to violations like traveling or double dribbling rather than fouls. Similarly, a technical foul is reserved for unsportsmanlike conduct or specific rule infractions that do not fall under ordinary common fouls. Resuming play without a penalty would essentially ignore the foul's consequences, which is not consistent with how fouls are dealt with in basketball. Hence, awarding free throws is the accurate response to a common foul committed by a player on a different team.