If A-1 is fouled in the act of shooting but does not score, what should be the next step by the official?

When a player is fouled in the act of shooting but does not score, the correct procedure is to grant that player free throws. This is because the foul occurred during a scoring attempt, and the rules are designed to reward the fouled player with an opportunity to score points regardless of whether the shot was successful or not. The intent behind this rule is to penalize the defensive foul while simultaneously providing a chance for the offense to capitalize on a situation where the game mechanics (the shot attempt) was interrupted by the foul.

Receiving free throws allows A-1 to attempt to score additional points following the foul, reflecting the principle of advantage/disadvantage in basketball. This prevents situations where a foul during a shooting attempt would simply result in a loss of possession, thus ensuring fairness in the game.

Other options do not align with the rules: granting a throw-in or allowing the game to continue with the opposing team's ball trivializes the foul that occurred during a shooting opportunity. Penalizing only the player who committed the foul also does not provide the necessary opportunity for the fouled player to attempt to score free points, making it an inadequate response to the situation.